分中棒的核心功能远不止“找边”这么简单，它实际上是连接物理工件与数字编程之间的桥梁。在CNC加工前，程序员通常依据图纸设定了一套理想化的坐标系统，但现实中每个毛坯件的摆放位置都不尽相同，存在微小偏移甚至旋转角度差异。此时，若直接按照理论坐标开始加工，极有可能导致刀具偏离预定路径，造成撞刀、过切或欠切等问题。而分中棒的作用，就是通过实际测量来“校准”这套虚拟坐标系，使其与真实工件完全匹配。这种“现实—虚拟”的映射能力，使得分中棒成为实现自动化、批量化生产的必要前提。    

　　进一步而言，不同类型的分中棒还具备差异化功能。传统的机械式分中棒依靠弹簧支撑的偏心杆结构，当探针接触到障碍物时，由于摩擦力突然增大，偏心部分会在离心力作用下瞬间甩出，形成肉眼可见的径向跳动，以此判断接触点。这类装置成本低、结构简单，适合常规车间使用，但对操作者的经验要求较高，需精准把握进给速度与观察时机。相比之下，电子式分中棒则内置高灵敏度传感器，一旦探针受压即刻发出声光报警或传输信号至控制系统，自动化程度更高，适用于无人值守或高节拍生产线。更有先进型号集成了无线传输模块，可实时将测量结果上传至MES系统，实现全程追溯与质量监控。    

　　然而，无论采用何种类型，以下三项注意事项始终是保障测量精度的生命线：    

　　第一，清洁要求。滑动端面作为分中棒最敏感的部位，任何微小异物——哪怕是肉眼难以察觉的金属粉尘或冷却液残留——都可能导致探针运动受阻或响应迟滞。尤其在长时间连续作业后，空气中悬浮的铝粉、钢灰极易吸附在表面，形成一层导电性差的绝缘膜，影响电子式产品的信号传导。因此，强烈建议每次使用前后均用无水酒精棉片仔细擦拭探针及外壳接口处，并存放于专用防尘盒内。对于高频使用的车间，还可配备超声波清洗机定期深度保养。    

　　第二，转速限制。这是最容易被忽视却又最危险的一环。许多新手操作员为了节省时间，习惯性地以高速（如1000RPM以上）运行主轴进行对刀，殊不知这会极大增加分中棒的离心负荷。机械式产品在超速状态下会出现“提前甩动”现象，即尚未接触工件便因惯性力过大而误触发，导致测量值严重偏大；而电子类产品虽无明显摆动，但高速旋转下的振动噪声会干扰传感器读数，降低重复定位精度。更为严重的是，长期超速使用会加速轴承磨损，缩短使用寿命，甚至引发探针断裂飞出的安全事故。因此，行业标准明确规定：测量过程中主轴转速不得超过600RPM，最佳实践范围为300–500RPM之间，既能保证稳定响应，又兼顾安全性。    

　　第三，安装规范。分中棒必须安装在主轴下方，这一点源于其设计初衷与力学平衡考量。主轴夹头的设计本就针对向下施力的切削工况优化，若反向安装（如倒挂于上方），不仅夹持力不足易松脱，还会改变重力方向对内部机构的影响，导致偏心组件动作异常。此外，安装时应使用扭矩扳手按规定力矩拧紧拉钉，防止因夹持不牢引起偏摆。推荐做法是：先手动旋入分中棒至初步固定，再用专用夹紧工具施加标准压力，最后用手轻摇检测是否稳固无晃动。值得一提的是，部分高端机床配备了自动换刀系统（ATC），此时应确认分中棒是否已被录入刀库管理系统，并设置独立刀号与长度补偿参数，避免与其他刀具混淆。    

　　综上所述，分中棒虽属辅助工具，但其使用规范直接关系到整条产线的加工品质与设备安全。只有深刻理解其功能本质，并严格执行每一项操作守则，才能真正做到“毫厘不差，万无一失”。    

The core functions and precautions of the distribution stick    

　　The   core function of the centering bar is far more than just "finding   edges". In fact, it serves as a bridge connecting physical workpieces   with digital programming. Before CNC machining, programmers usually set up an   idealized coordinate system based on the drawings. However, in reality, the   placement of each blank is not the same, with slight offsets or even   differences in rotation angles. At this point, if processing is started   directly according to the theoretical coordinates, it is highly likely that   the tool will deviate from the predetermined path, resulting in problems such   as tool collision, overcutting or undercutting. The function of the centering   bar is to "calibrate" this virtual coordinate system through actual   measurement, making it exactly match the real workpiece. This   "reality-virtual" mapping ability makes the medium-score stick a   necessary prerequisite for achieving automated and batch production.    

　　Furthermore,   different types of dividers also have differentiated functions. The   traditional mechanical splitting rod relies on a spring-supported eccentric   rod structure. When the probe comes into contact with an obstacle, due to the   sudden increase in friction, the eccentric part will be instantly flung out   under the action of centrifugal force, forming a visible radial runout to the   naked eye, which is used to determine the contact point. This type of device   is low in cost and simple in structure, suitable for use in regular   workshops. However, it requires a high level of experience from the operator,   who needs to precisely control the feed rate and the timing of observation.   In contrast, the electronic divider rod is equipped with a highly sensitive   sensor. Once the probe is under pressure, it will immediately issue an   audible and visual alarm or transmit a signal to the control system. It has a   higher degree of automation and is suitable for unattended or high-rhythm   production lines. Some advanced models are integrated with wireless   transmission modules, which can upload measurement results to the MES system   in real time, achieving full traceability and quality monitoring.    

　　However,   regardless of the type adopted, the following three precautions remain the   lifeline for ensuring measurement accuracy:    

　　First,   cleaning requirements. The sliding end face is the most sensitive part of the   splitting rod. Any tiny foreign object - even metal dust or coolant residue   that is hard to detect with the naked eye - may cause the probe movement to   be blocked or the response to be delayed. Especially after long-term   continuous operation, the aluminum powder and steel ash suspended in the air   are very likely to adhere to the surface, forming an insulating film with   poor electrical conductivity, which affects the signal transmission of   electronic products. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the probe and   the interface of the housing be carefully wiped with anhydrous alcohol cotton   pads before and after each use, and stored in a dedicated dust-proof box. For   workshops with high-frequency usage, ultrasonic cleaning machines can also be   equipped for regular deep maintenance.    

　　Second,   speed limit. This is the most easily overlooked yet most dangerous link. Many   novice operators, in order to save time, habitually run the spindle at high   speed (such as above 1000RPM) for tool setting, not realizing that this will   greatly increase the centrifugal load on the centering bar. Mechanical   products may experience a "premature swing" phenomenon when in an   overspeed state, meaning that they are mistakenly triggered due to excessive   inertial force before even touching the workpiece, resulting in a   significantly larger measurement value. Although electronic products do not   have obvious oscillations, the vibration noise generated during high-speed   rotation can interfere with sensor readings and reduce the accuracy of repeat   positioning. What is more serious is that long-term overspeed use will   accelerate the wear of bearings, shorten their service life, and even cause   safety accidents such as probe breakage and flying out. Therefore, industry   standards clearly stipulate that the spindle speed during the measurement   process must not exceed 600RPM, and the best practice range is between 300   and 500RPM, which can not only ensure stable response but also take safety   into account.    

　　Third,   installation standards. The centering rod must be installed below the main   shaft, which is due to its design intention and mechanical balance   considerations. The design of the spindle chuck is inherently optimized for   downward force application in cutting conditions. If it is installed in   reverse (such as upside down), not only will the clamping force be   insufficient and it is prone to loosening, but it will also change the   direction of gravity and affect the internal mechanism, causing abnormal   operation of the eccentric components. In addition, when installing, a torque   wrench should be used to tighten the pull pins to the specified torque to   prevent wobbling caused by loose clamping. The recommended approach is:   First, manually screw in the divider rod until it is initially fixed, then   apply standard pressure with a dedicated clamping tool, and finally gently   shake it by hand to check if it is stable without shaking. It is worth   mentioning that some high-end machine tools are equipped with an automatic   tool changer (ATC) system. At this time, it is necessary to confirm whether   the centering bar has been entered into the tool magazine management system   and set independent tool numbers and length compensation parameters to avoid   confusion with other tools.    

　　In   conclusion, although the separation bar is an auxiliary tool, its usage norms   directly affect the processing quality and equipment safety of the entire   production line. Only by deeply understanding its functional essence and   strictly following every operation rule can one truly achieve "absolute   accuracy and no mistakes".    

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